Despite Red Jacket's growing prominence, then, as now, the entire area was referred to as Calumet. Red Jacket quickly became the civic and commercial heart of the settlement area in the vicinity of the C&H mines. The Red Jacket Mining Company had taken its name from a famous Seneca orator known to the English as Chief Red Jacket.Ĭ&H encouraged the few businesses located in Calumet and Hecla locations to move to the new village. Instead, in 1875, they decided to incorporate a mostly independent commercial village on part of the recently acquired property. C&H wanted to purchase the Red Jacket Mining Company and its property in order to continue mining the Calumet Conglomerate Lode deep beneath it, but they did not need the area on the surface for industrial use. Red Jacket was also named after an unsuccessful mining company. Some of these locations were named after early, less successful mining companies who had previously owned that property, such as Raymbaultown Location.Raymbault was an early French Jesuit missionary who established the mission at Sault Ste. When the Calumet and Hecla mining companies (C&H) merged in 1871, they continued to grow at a substantial rate, gaining ownership of or developing other nearby housing locations. Hecla is the name of a volcano in the south of Iceland.
When the Calumet Mine and the Hecla Mine were developed in the mid-1860s in what became Calumet Township, Calumet Location and Hecla Location were also established.Calumet is derived from the French Canadian term for the tobacco pipes used by Native Americans. They were usually adjacent to the industrial buildings where the residents worked, such as shafthouses, rockhouses, hoisthouses, machine shops, and blacksmith shops. These locations were controlled by the mining companies who owned the land where they were built. A typical location was made up of a variety of dwellings and a minimal number of commercial, religious, educational, and other community buildings. Most often, these communities started out as unincorporated housing locations. Not only did they have to construct industrial facilities, they also had to establish complete communities for their workers. In the mid-19th century, some mining companies were able to turn their attention from prospecting and exploration in the wilds of the Keweenaw to the development of a profitable mine. These include the Calumet Theatre, Coppertown Mining Museum, Keweenaw Heritage Center and the Upper Peninsula Firefighters Memorial Museum.įor a self guided tour of Downtown Calumet, check out our Missing in the Copper Country Story Map.
Several Keweenaw Heritage Sites are located within the Calumet Unit.
There are two primary components to the Calumet Unit, both of which have self guided tours available for purchase in our Visitor Center: the former Calumet & Hecla Copper Mining Company Industrial Operations and Downtown Calumet. the Village of Calumet, (and) the former Calumet & Hecla Mining Company properties. picture of copper mining on Michigan's Keweenaw Peninsula is best represented by. The corporate-sponsored community planning in Calumet, Michigan, as evidenced in the architecture, municipal design, surnames, foods, and traditions, and the large scale corporate paternalism was unprecedented in American industry and continues to express the heritage of the district. Congress determined that the Calumet area was essential to telling the story of copper mining on the Keweenaw Peninsula. The Calumet Unit of Keweenaw National Historical Park focuses on the preservation and interpretation of buildings and sites associated with the former Calumet & Hecla Copper Mining Company.
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